Servants and Slaves - Watertown Public Schools

indentured servants

geography/ New England And The Chesapeake Regions …

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Goveror Wyatt issued patents to land based on headrights claims until the Virginia Company failed. After Charles I took direct control of the colony in 1625, his appointed royal governors continued to issue headrights. The award of 50 acres for everyone imported into Virginia incentivized people in England to sign indentures and spurred wealthy individuals to find and transport indentured servants to Virginia. Within 50 years, 70,000 people came to Chesapeake region.

on each plantation that servants and laborers ..

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The fourth option was to purchase low-cost land (typically on credit), then "improve" it by cutting down the trees and preparing fields suitable for growing crops such as corn and tobacco. That was the dream of many of those who signed indentures, trading up to seven years of labor for the chance to become a landowner.

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Servants would work 3-7 years clearing new land, moving the edge of English settlement further west into the North American continent and increasing the volume of tobacco exports. If an indentured servant had been transported by a investor who claimed the 50-acre headright, then that servant did not acquire title to any land through their work during their term of service.

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In 1613, Governor Sir Thomas Dale began to grant three-acre parcels to colonists willing to stay after their seven-year indentures expired. Those who stayed could work for themselves on their private three-acre plots, rather than serve the company by working full-time on its common land.

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At the end of their term of indenture, the contracts usually required that the freed servant be given some basic clothing and farming equipment. Without land of their own, the freed servants had four choices. The first three were to return to England, negotiate a deal to work for someone else in exchange for support and wages, find unclaimed land on the edge of settlement and become a squatter.

The headright claims for the indentured servants listed the names of the individuals, but the claims for slaves rarely identified individual slaves. 7.

Virginia planters who imported their labor were awarded 50 acres per slave, just as they were awarded 50 acres per indentured servant. Both large and small landowners imported slaves, or purchased them from ship captains who brought them to the colony for sale. George Menefie was the first to claim a large number of headrights for one shipment of slaves, obtaining 1,150 acres for the 23 slaves he imported along with 37 other (white) servants in 1638. The headright claims for the indentured servants listed the names of the individuals, but the claims for slaves rarely identified individual slaves.